Blog

blog_whatwasagreedatcop26_header_01

Blog_WhatWasAgreedAtCOP26_Header_01

What was agreed at COP26?

<h3>After several frantic hours of diplomatic negotiations between delegates, the final text (called the ‘cover decision’) of the <a href="https://unfccc.int/documents/310475" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Glasgow Climate Pact</a> was published on the evening of Saturday 13th November 2021.</h3>
In the days preceding this, several previous drafts had been published iteratively and were picked meticulously by industry experts and the media. Working through Friday night and most of Saturday, negotiators moved between huddles of representatives for each country to ensure their preferred wording made its way from the draft texts to the final version.
Pushback from various countries <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-59280241" target="_blank" rel="noopener">resulted in softening of language</a> in some places compared to what had been in previous drafts. Just an hour or so before the final text was due to be announced, crucial passages, such as the paragraph concerning the need to reduce reliance on fossil fuels, were still being amended, with last-minute changes being made in order to persuade some reluctant countries to sign the agreement. Although there were noticeable omissions of key phrases found in some of these drafts from the final text, there were also some welcome and surprising inclusions. 
In this post, which is the penultimate post of our COP26 series, we’re taking a look at what was agreed to in the final wording of the Glasgow Climate Pact.

blog_whatwasagreedatcop26_banner_01

Blog_WhatWasAgreedAtCOP26_Banner_01

The paragraph that drew the most attention was one containing the first ever mention of fossil fuels in the text of a COP agreement. It seems extraordinary that fossil fuels had never been mentioned in any previous COP agreement given <a href="https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the clear scientific consensus</a> that we need to phase them out as quickly as possible.
An early draft of the cover decision had called upon countries to “accelerate the phasing-out of coal and subsidies for fossil fuels” (our emphasis). The final version phrased this less strongly, calling instead for parties to accelerate towards “the phasedown of unabated coal power and phase-out of inefficient fossil fuel subsidies”. Many doubted that some countries which rely on fossil fuels would agree to sign an agreement that mentioned fossil fuels at all, so the fact that this softer phrasing was agreed to <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/cop26-key-outcomes-agreed-at-the-un-climate-talks-in-glasgow" target="_blank" rel="noopener">is a step, however small, in the right direction</a>.

blog_whatwasagreedatcop26_banner_02

Blog_WhatWasAgreedAtCOP26_Banner_02

China’s acceptance of the final text, especially passages about fossil fuels and limiting warming to 1.5°C, may have been influenced by their long and detailed discussions with the USA that had unexpectedly resulted in <a href="https://www.state.gov/u-s-china-joint-glasgow-declaration-on-enhancing-climate-action-in-the-2020s/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a rare joint statement</a> reaffirming their commitments to combating climate change and implementing the Paris Agreement.
The strengthened diplomatic relationship shown in the final days of COP26 came as a surprise to many, especially given <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/world-59125188" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the strong words of US President Joe Biden</a> condemning Chinese President Xi Jinping’s absence from the conference, which came only days before the two countries issued their joint statement. The joint statement showed their intent, as <a href="https://ourworldindata.org/contributed-most-global-co2" target="_blank" rel="noopener">two of the world’s biggest emitters</a>, to put aside their many political differences and use their considerable resources to not only cooperate on climate action but also work to limit warming to 1.5ºC.

blog_whatwasagreedatcop26_banner_03

Blog_WhatWasAgreedAtCOP26_Banner_03

The paragraphs in the Glasgow Climate Pact that follow the text about pursuing efforts to limit temperature increase to 1.5°C also include some notable wording. Paragraph 16 of the cover decision explains the change in language in the previous paragraph, describing the recognition by the Parties that the “impacts of climate change will be much lower at the temperature increase of 1.5°C compared to 2°C”. This point was emphasised by some smaller nations throughout COP26, with the Prime Minister of Barbados, Mia Mottley, telling delegates that 2°C of warming will be a death sentence for island nations. 
<iframe title="Speech: Mia Mottley, Prime Minister of Barbados at the Opening of the #COP26 World Leaders Summit" width="500" height="281" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/PN6THYZ4ngM?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
Paragraph 17 states that Parties recognise that “rapid, deep and sustained reductions in global greenhouse emissions” are required to keep 1.5°C in reach. This statement follows the <a href="https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change</a> (IPCC) which calculated that global carbon dioxide emissions must be reduced “by 45% by 2030 relative to the 2010 level and to net-zero around mid-century” in order to keep global average temperature rise below 1.5°C. This inclusion, encouragingly, suggests Parties are now thinking about measurable mitigation measures, rather than just vague targets. Only time will tell whether this change in words is followed by the actions necessary to achieve these reductions. 
The pressure to act with greater ambition and speed was highlighted in the final few days of COP26 by Climate Action Tracker, which published their findings that countries’ current pledges <a href="https://climateactiontracker.org/global/cat-thermometer/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">would only limit temperature rise to 2.4°C</a>. While the ratchet mechanism of the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) will push countries to take increasingly impactful actions to limit global temperature change, it is clear that more needs to be done in the very short-term to keep 1.5°C within reach, <a href="https://ukcop26.org/cop26-goals/">which was the overarching aim of COP26</a>.

blog_whatwasagreedatcop26_banner_04

Blog_WhatWasAgreedAtCOP26_Banner_04

Completing the ‘Paris Rulebook’ was another of the key goals of COP26. Having signed up to the Paris Agreement in 2015, and following years of discussions on the topic subsequently, countries still had no clear framework for how some of the provisions in that agreement would be achieved when their delegates arrived in Glasgow &#8211; particularly with regard to the <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/in-depth-q-and-a-how-article-6-carbon-markets-could-make-or-break-the-paris-agreement" target="_blank" rel="noopener">operation and rules surrounding international carbon markets</a>. Without universally agreed-upon guidelines, it would have been very difficult to reach targets on reducing carbon emissions globally.
Fortunately, in the final days of the conference, <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/cop26-key-outcomes-agreed-at-the-un-climate-talks-in-glasgow" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the ‘Rulebook’ was completed</a>, and we now know how countries will be held to account as they deliver on their commitments. A key part of this negotiation was the infamous Article 6 provision within the Paris Agreement. This is a framework that allows countries to trade carbon credits through the UNFCCC under a “cap-and-trade” system. It allows countries that find it more difficult or expensive to set up projects that reduce global carbon emissions to pay other countries to do these emissions reductions on their behalf. With this mechanism formalised, a number of issues surrounding this process, including the threat of double-counting of emissions reductions and issues surrounding transparency, have now been resolved.

blog_whatwasagreedatcop26_banner_05

Blog_WhatWasAgreedAtCOP26_Banner_05

The final text also makes a subtle reference to the need to reduce emissions of all greenhouse gases &#8211; not just carbon dioxide. In the first few days of COP26, 110 countries signed up to the <a href="https://www.globalmethanepledge.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Global Methane Pledge</a>, committing to reducing methane emissions <a href="https://x.ecologi.com/articles/blog/what-happened-at-cop26" target="_blank" rel="noopener">by 30% by 2030 compared with 2020 levels</a>. However, there were a few notable omissions from the list of countries making this commitment, including big emitters such as China, India and Russia. Many would argue that the text in the final agreement does not adequately stress the importance of reducing emissions of all greenhouse gases. Instead, it “Invites Parties to consider further actions to reduce by 2030 non-carbon dioxide greenhouse gas emissions, including methane”. Considering the immediate action required to meet this relatively short-term goal, this language is very passive and is unlikely to inspire action from countries already reluctant to address this issue.

blog_whatwasagreedatcop26_banner_06

Blog_WhatWasAgreedAtCOP26_Banner_06

A welcome announcement in the first couple of days of the Glasgow conference was the announcement of a <a href="https://ukcop26.org/glasgow-leaders-declaration-on-forests-and-land-use/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">pledge to halt deforestation by 2030</a>, which now has over 140 signatories. Some are pessimistic that this commitment will be met, however, especially following <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/nov/05/indonesia-says-cop26-zero-deforestation-pledge-it-signed-unfair" target="_blank" rel="noopener">remarks from an Indonesian government official</a> about their country’s intentions to follow through with this pledge. This is also not the first time that countries have pledged to end deforestation &#8211; nor even the first time that 2030 has been set as the target year for doing so.
Protection, conservation and restoration of nature and ecosystems are the focus of the final paragraph of the section on mitigation, but there seems to be a bigger emphasis placed on protecting these ecosystems because of their value as carbon sinks rather than their intrinsic value to life on Earth. The only reference to the importance of maintaining these places for the sake of the life they support, human and otherwise, is <a href="https://unfccc.int/documents/310475" target="_blank" rel="noopener">in a paragraph in the first page of the Pact</a>, which appears to be an attempt to show that leaders have taken on board the impassioned pleas of civil society, especially those of Indigenous peoples whose lives are most directly affected by the destruction of these ecosystems. Whether “Noting the importance of ensuring the integrity of all ecosystems” has any effect on countries’ actions towards the natural world remains to be seen, but this Pact does not commit any of them to protecting the most threatened areas of the planet.

blog_whatwasagreedatcop26_banner_07

Blog_WhatWasAgreedAtCOP26_Banner_07

Over the two weeks of COP26, several days were dominated by discussions surrounding finance owed by richer countries in the Global North to poorer countries in the Global South, and that <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/57975275" target="_blank" rel="noopener">which was promised but is yet to materialise</a>. While the text refers to the “deep regret” about the $100 billion USD promised annually between 2015 and 2020 having not been delivered, further conversations between countries in the Global North and the Global South appear to have encouraged further financial commitments from countries in the Global North. Representatives from countries in the Global South &#8211; which are most affected by the impact of climate change, least responsible for it and least equipped to adapt to it &#8211; explained clearly that, in many cases, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/cop/tuvalu-minister-stands-sea-film-cop26-speech-show-climate-change-2021-11-08/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">they are already suffering the effects of climate change</a>, and that without this additional financial support, their countries would continue to suffer further as temperatures continue to rise.
Despite acknowledging that “climate change has already caused and will increasingly cause loss and damage”, the text falls short of committing to a higher amount of financial support than the $100 billion USD already promised. Instead, it references pledges made during COP26 by some countries in the Global North to meet, and in some cases exceed, existing financial commitments, by saying it “welcomes the increased pledges made by many developed country Parties and the Climate Finance Delivery Plan: Meeting the US$100 Billion Goal”. Inevitably this text will have disappointed the countries that need more financial support and is indeed a disappointing outcome for the world as a whole, which will undoubtedly be poorer for the losses yet to come, which providing more money now would help to prevent.

blog_whatwasagreedatcop26_banner_08

Blog_WhatWasAgreedAtCOP26_Banner_08

Following the publishing of the Glasgow Climate Pact, many media outlets published their analysis of the text within it. If you’d like to read more about what the Pact contains, and what it noticeably doesn’t, we’d recommend checking out these comprehensive articles from <a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/cop26-key-outcomes-agreed-at-the-un-climate-talks-in-glasgow" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Carbon Brief</a> and <a href="https://enb.iisd.org/Glasgow-Climate-Change-Conference-COP26-summary" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Earth Negotiations Bulletin</a>.
You can read more on <a href="https://x.ecologi.com/articles/blog/what-happened-at-cop26" target="_blank" rel="noopener">What happened at COP26</a> here.
<a class="c-link" tabindex="-1" href="https://x.ecologi.com/plan" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-stringify-link="https://x.ecologi.com/plan" data-sk="tooltip_parent" data-remove-tab-index="true">Sign up today to take real climate action with Ecologi</a>.

blog_meet_climate_impact_team_header

Blog_Meet_Climate_Impact_Team_Header

Meet our Impact Team

Ecologi’s mission is to inspire and empower businesses to accelerate global climate action. In everything we do, we’re guided by our company values:
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Planet first</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Always accountable</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Change-makers</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Act, together.</li>
</ol>
Because of our values, we put impact for our climate, nature and people, right at our heart: and this is driven by our Impact Team.

<h2>Meeting the Impact Team </h2>
The Impact Team is responsible for directing our efforts toward meaningful climate action aligned with the latest science and industry best practice. The team’s role encompasses several key areas, including:
<ul>
<li>Ensuring adherence to best practice through our research bases, rigorous due diligence processes, and expert understanding of key sustainability frameworks.</li>
<li>Building and managing relationships with some of the world’s leading implementation partners to facilitate the delivery of high-impact climate solutions.</li>
<li>Delivery of emissions measurement and reporting projects, assisting customers with data collection, emissions calculations, and helping them identify effective decarbonisation strategies.</li>
<li>Engaging with academia, including the stewardship of the Ecologi Climate Committee — our advisory network of academic and industry experts on topics relevant to our work.</li>
<li>Providing climate and sustainability expertise and strategic guidance to align our products and services with the latest in environmental science and industry best practices and to guide our internal policy.</li>
<li>Driving our industry forward through participating in industry advisory groups, policy advocacy groups, consortia and alliances with Ecologi’s peers and partners in corporate sustainability, </li>
<li style="list-style-type: none;"></li>
</ul>
In this article, we’ll meet the team making it all possible!

blog_meet_climate_impact_team_banner_sam_01

Blog_Meet_Climate_Impact_Team_Banner_Sam_01

<h2>Sam Jackson, Director of Climate Science &amp; Impact</h2>
MSc, MA, PIEMA REnvP, FRSA
Sam is department lead for Impact at Ecologi, and a member of Ecologi’s senior leadership team. He is responsible for providing climate and sustainability expertise and strategic guidance to the business, with the priority of aligning Ecologi’s products and services with the latest in environmental science and industry best practice. Sam is an advisor to a number of industry groups and a regular speaker at sustainability industry events.
Sam has a varied background in climate science, international operations, development, and environmental governance. In his early career, he worked primarily in the charity and sustainable tourism sectors before moving permanently into climate and corporate sustainability. Sam holds Master’s degrees in International Relations and Climate Change Science and Policy from the University of Exeter and the University of Bristol. He is a Practitioner Member of IEMA, a Registered Environmental Practitioner with the Society for the Environment, and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts.

blog_meet_climate_impact_team_banner_eleanor_03

Blog_Meet_Climate_Impact_Team_Banner_Eleanor_03

<h2>Eleanor Turner, Climate Solutions Manager</h2>
MSc, BSc, PIEMA 
Eleanor has a senior role within the Impact team, helping to guide our strategic direction and shape our theory of change, as well as supporting the team across all Impact functions. Eleanor leads much of our external engagement with academia, including managing the Ecologi Climate Committee: our advisory network of academic and industry experts across a wide range of topics relevant to our work. She also works cross-functionally around the business, to drive much of Ecologi’s own internal sustainability efforts.
Eleanor holds a Master’s degree in Environmental Science from the University of York, in addition to a Bachelor’s degree in Environmental Geography. Eleanor’s career began as a sustainability consultant within the engineering and construction industry, focusing on BREEAM assessments and decarbonisation across the public sector. Eleanor then moved to an in-house sustainability role within the consumer goods industry, focused on internal sustainability strategy and greenhouse gas inventory management, before joining Ecologi as our Climate Solutions Manager.

blog_meet_climate_impact_team_banner_george_04

Blog_Meet_Climate_Impact_Team_Banner_George_04

<h2>George Gibson, Senior Carbon Accounting Manager</h2>
George provides technical expertise to support the development of the carbon accounting methodology underpinning our Ecologi Zero platform for businesses. George also leads the consultative delivery of emissions measurement and reporting projects with our customers, guiding them through data collection and helping them to identify decarbonisation strategies. Key to his role is ensuring compliance with the relevant standards and that the tool provides a comprehensive and accurate account of a business’ emissions.
With a degree in Economics and Management from Cardiff University, specialising in economic development, George has previously worked as a sustainability consultant providing insight into compiling greenhouse gas inventories to measure and report emissions, developing decarbonisation strategies, setting Science-Based Targets and supporting businesses in attaining B Corp certification.

blog_meet_climate_impact_team_banner_katie_02

Blog_Meet_Climate_Impact_Team_Banner_Katie_02

<h2>Katie Pownall, Impact Partnerships Manager</h2>
MBiol, MRSB, ACIEEM
Katie works closely with Ecologi’s reforestation and other implementation partners, ensuring that funding from our community goes to the best projects, and sharing stories about the projects with the Ecologi community. As Ecologi continues to grow, Katie is helping to identify new types of impact projects, enabling Ecologi customers to fund cutting-edge climate action with some of the most well-respected organisations around the world.
Katie has a Master’s degree in Biology from University of York, where she focused on ecology and conservation, and during which she worked in the North York Moors National Park’s Conservation department, where she gained knowledge about protected species, habitat management, and on-the-ground conservation work. This  hands-on experience combined with her understanding of the theory of conservation and ecology helps Katie to guide Ecologi’s decisions so that we optimise our positive impact on people, biodiversity, and the planet.

blog_meet_climate_impact_team_banner_lucy_05

Blog_Meet_Climate_Impact_Team_Banner_Lucy_05

<h2>Lucy Gemmell, Carbon Portfolio Manager</h2>
In her role as Carbon Portfolio Manager, Lucy drives our in-house due diligence to identify top-tier carbon avoidance and removal projects, manages our relationships with project developers, and helps to educate customers in ensuring they are communicating about their impact correctly. In her work, she manages our relationships with a number of our key strategic impact partners including Sylvera and Earth Blox. Lucy originally joined Ecologi in 2022 as part of our Commercial team and spent a year working cross-departmentally, immersing herself in the voluntary carbon market before transitioning permanently into the Impact team. 
Lucy has a diverse background, having managed a boutique real estate brokerage in her earlier career and chaired the board of an education-based NGO in Johannesburg, South Africa. She is currently pursuing a Master&#8217;s degree in Climate Change and Development, following the recent completion of an ESG Specialisation from the Corporate Finance Institute.

Alongside the Impact team, we have some incredible individuals who assist us in reaching our goals and supporting our work. Collaboration is at the heart of everything we do, and their contributions help us stay on track and maintain momentum.

blog_meet_climate_impact_team_banner_monsoon_06

Blog_Meet_Climate_Impact_Team_Banner_Monsoon_06

<h2>Monsoon Modi, Commercial Operations Executive</h2>
Monsoon originally joined Ecologi in 2022 as part of our Customer Success team and spent a year working cross-departmentally before moving into the Commercial team, now as an Operations Executive. 
Key to her role is optimising commercial projects, building commercial resources and providing support for small businesses along their sustainability journey. Monsoon also supports the Impact Team with internal educational material, project reports and administrative tasks. 
With a degree in Politics and International Relations, Monsoon is currently pursuing a Master&#8217;s degree in Environmental Sustainability at the University of Edinburgh.

<h2>Climate Committee </h2>
Ecologi’s Climate Committee was founded in 2021 to bring together industry experts and research professionals who sit outside of the business to bring specialist knowledge and support to maximise our climate impact. Our committee members bring best-practice thinking, and ongoing developments with regard to global climate science, carbon accounting methodology, nature-based projects and the voluntary carbon market through our three working groups, Nature, Climate and Policy.
The committee supports the Impact team through providing expert knowledge across specialist fields which help shape the future of the team, and the wider business. In turn, this improves our internal decision-making and strategy development through staying at the forefront of industry developments and innovation.

Schedule a call

Case studies

blog_case_study_focusrite_01blog_case_study_focusrite_header

Blog_Case_Study_Focusrite_01Blog_Case_Study_Focusrite_Header

Case study: the Focusrite Group

<h2>About the Focusrite Group </h2>
<a href="https://x.ecologi.com/focusritegroup" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Focusrite</a> is not your average audio technology group. This passionate bunch is united by a single objective: to smash through barriers and unleash boundless creativity in the world of sound.
Founded in 1985 and based in High Wycombe, this team of over 500 is on a mission to remove barriers to creativity. And they believe that technology can play an important role in breaking down other barriers too, including geographical, social, economic, and even environmental. 
Focusrite is an organisation that’s driven by purpose, with a keen desire to be a force for good in the world. Responsible practices are an essential part of how they do business, and that includes keeping a keen eye on their impact on the environment.

blog_case_study_focusrite_banner_stats-2

Blog_Case_Study_Focusrite_Banner_Stats (2)

<h2>Issue</h2>
Focusrite has been working to reduce its environmental impact for many years and in 2020 developed a carbon accounting process that now provides near real-time data on Scope 1, 2, and 3 GHG emissions.
This progress has allowed the team to set goals, but they are in the process of applying to set Science Based Targets (SBT) to replace them. In the meantime they are already aligning their approach with SBT guidelines. 
As a UK-based company, Focusrite is committed to 2050 as the ultimate deadline for net-zero, but they want to get there quicker. So their approach is not to set a net-zero target year until they have gone through the SBT application process by 2026 at the latest, and instead use carbon reduction metrics and targets to set them up for long-term success.

bst-hyde-park-2013-london-mla-andrew-land

BST Hyde Park 2013 - London - MLA - Andrew Land

<h2>Challenges</h2>
The team at Focusrite use emissions data to guide action, and their emissions are largely dominated by their hardware products, which account for 96% of GHG emissions. 
They have already made good progress in reducing the use of aluminium, plastic, and product packaging, with many more areas under review. As they roll out changes across their product range, the team aims to increase the pace of their reductions, with any new products being designed from more sustainable materials from the start.
Focusrite is striving to become a sustainability leader in its industry, setting the standard for peers to emulate. Environmental stewardship is a big part of that, and the message from the entire employee base is that they want to support nature beyond their value chain. This is why they reached out to Ecologi to help them do more good for our planet.

<h2>Solution </h2>
Focusrite has worked with Ecologi since 2021. Ecologi supports the team to fund tree planting for internal initiatives like employee charity fundraising, but also to offset the wood used in their products. The wood used is already FSC certified, so by planting trees with Ecologi they replace more than they consume. 
Focusrite also works with Ecologi to support projects to mitigate any remaining Scope 1 and 2 emissions they can’t avoid. So far they have funded 17 projects, including a solar power project in Morocco, supplying high efficiency cookstoves in Somalia, and preserving Amazonian rainforest in Brazil.
The team isn&#8217;t shy about sharing Focusrite’s success. They talk about their climate impact prominently in their annual report and employee newsletter, and dive into the details in their dedicated environment and climate reports. 
Taking such positive climate action has boosted Focusrite’s reputation with customers and colleagues alike. They have enjoyed press coverage for their tree planting, which positioned them as a leader in their industry, and they have even had employees join the company purely because of their environmental sustainability programme.

blog_case_study_focusrite_banner_profile-2

Blog_Case_Study_Focusrite_Banner_Profile (2)

<h2>Outcome</h2>
Since 2021, the Focusrite Group has funded the planting of 89,080 trees, supported the prevention of 132 tonnes of CO2e from being emitted, and funded the removal of 81 tonnes of CO2e from the atmosphere. In total 17 different projects have been funded.

blog_case_study_focusrite_banner_quote-1

Blog_Case_Study_Focusrite_Banner_Quote (1)

blog_case_study_focusrite_banner_fop-1

Blog_Case_Study_Focusrite_Banner_FOP (1)

<h2>Is your business ready to take climate action?</h2>
If this article has inspired your business to start its climate journey, talk to our team today.

Schedule a call with our team

cop29_blog_whatshappening_header

COP29_Blog_WhatsHappening_Header

What happened at COP29

This year’s Conference of the Parties is underway in Baku, Azerbaijan and will run until the 22nd of November. Our team at Ecologi are monitoring the daily events to give you real-time analysis and reactions to the developments and agreements taking place. 
What is COP29? Click <a href="https://x.ecologi.com/articles/uncategorised/what-to-expect-at-cop29" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a> for a comprehensive guide to all things COP29. 
What happened at COP28? Click <a href="https://x.ecologi.com/articles/blog/whats-happening-at-cop28" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a> to read a full report of the event in 2023.

<h2>Overall sentiment &#8211; COP29 wrap-up</h2>
The overall sentiment at COP29 reflects a little bit of progress and an awful lot of frustration. As is often the case at the climate COPs, any progress that does get made is often overshadowed by the missed opportunities – and this one is no exception on that front.
The largest positive from this COP is in the agreements made on operationalising carbon market standards under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. This consensus signals hope for greater transparency, higher standards, and clear opportunities for businesses to engage in global climate action projects, in a new carbon market managed under the UN framework. These draft documents on Article 6 were published on the first day of the COP and have stayed relatively static since then – indicating that agreement was achieved early. They did come under criticism though, with the Presidency offering up documents to be accepted as-is, with no opportunity for countries to scrutinise the wording.
The COP as a whole, and its broader negotiations on a range of other topics, have been marred by tensions, frustrations, and geopolitics. Proceedings were thrown somewhat, by world leaders disappearing from the world leaders’ summit at the conference and reconvening in Brazil (next year’s COP host country) for the G20 – leading to <a href="https://www.gov.br/planalto/pt-br/media/18-11-2024-declaracao-de-lideres-g20.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a multilateral G20 declaration</a> which seemed to both celebrate and chastise the country negotiators back in Baku. 
Geopolitics making things difficult – COP29 has taken place against a backdrop of heightened geopolitical tensions between a wide range of countries, which have diverted attention and resources away from climate action and have complicated negotiations. Add to that the problems coming from the COP itself – from country boycotts, to backhanded oil and gas deals, to threats to drop out of the Paris Agreement by Argentina (a threat which was later clarified as rescinded) and by the USA (which is likely to be upheld under the incoming administration) – and it’s easy to wonder how nearly 200 countries can be convinced to agree on anything at all. Let alone an issue with the gravity, urgency, and complexity of climate change.
Poor management by the Presidency – if you’ve followed our daily coverage you’ll have spotted over the past two weeks how this COP has felt quite chaotic and frenetic. It hasn’t really felt throughout proceedings that the Presidency is in control of things – and this applies on the diplomatic level but also in a practical sense, with uncomfortable stories coming out of the conference centre about poorly-managed bathroom facilities and catering. On the draft decisions, the Presidency’s strategy has been cavalier and uncharitable, with something of a ‘take-it-or-leave-it’ attitude to negotiations which isn’t helpful or conducive to compromise. On the last day of the COP, the Climate Action Network awarded the Azerbaijani Presidency their Fossil of the Day award because it “doesn’t understand the gravity of the Presidency, or for that matter the value of civil society”. This is a damning assessment, but one which is hard to disagree with.
Somehow, fossil fuels are still the elephant in the room – we heard from UNEP before COP29 started that <a href="https://www.unep.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2024" target="_blank" rel="noopener">global emissions are still rising</a>, driven by continued fossil fuel use – and yet COP29 has failed to advance any fossil fuel reduction commitments. In Dubai last year, we saw the agreed cover text mention the “phase-down of unabated coal power”, the “transitioning away from fossil fuels in energy systems” and the “phasing out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies” (which was pretty weak in itself). This year, the fossil fuel lobby was typically massive – with over 1,700 fossil fuel lobbyists in attendance. Despite the overwhelming scientific evidence showing that fossil fuels must stay in the ground, the dominance of fossil fuel interests has continued to undermine progress, with the Arab Group in particular this year refusing to back any texts that reference the phasing out of fossil fuels. The COP29 texts on the UAE dialogue and the Mitigation Work Programme (which ought to have been used to further the outcomes of last year’s Global Stocktake) were meant to enhance climate mitigation. The final version of the MWP fails to mention the transition away from fossil fuels, the 1.5ºC warming goal or the Global Stocktake and its outcomes, and the UAE dialogue on how to proceed on the Global Stocktake wasn’t adopted at all. Interestingly, the earliest drafts did mention the 1.5ºC warming goal and the seriousness of 2023 being the warmest year on record. As the drafts progressed this messaging was removed, despite many calling for the final text to be more ambitious and specific. A deal on the MWP was adopted during the closing plenary session without any intervention. 
Article 6 and UK government provide a few reasons to be positive for businesses 
Whilst the overall sentiment at this year’s COP29 has been disappointment, particularly regarding the pace of global climate action and the lack of firm commitments from key global players, there are still some glimmers of hope for businesses. Among the more promising developments is the aforementioned progress on Article 6 of the Paris Agreement and the UK government’s climate commitments. The outcomes on Article 6 pose a step forward for businesses. By advancing frameworks for international carbon markets, COP29 has created a clearer pathway for companies to engage in high-quality carbon offsetting and trading, fostering transparency and credibility in the process. This opens up new opportunities for organisations globally to progress towards net-zero targets whilst supporting climate action projects and global emission reductions. 
The UK government’s renewed focus on climate policy has created incentives such as increased funding for green technology, support for nature based projects and streamlined regulation for sustainable investment, catalysing innovation and market growth. The developments at COP29 have reinforced the role of businesses as a key actor in the fight against climate change when world leaders fall short on agreeing ambitious climate goals. Through embracing innovation, adopting bold emission reduction targets and funding climate action, companies can fill the leadership gap and accelerate progress where governments falter.

COP29 - Daily updates 

cop29_lookfeel_v2co29_blog_banner_01

COP29_Look&Feel_V2CO29_Blog_Banner_01

The two-week conference, scheduled for November 11th-22nd will bring together representatives from all countries that have agreed to be bound by the UNFCCC. The conference takes place annually to negotiate new measures, develop policy and review progress against the goal of limiting climate change.
Azerbaijan, the host nation, has received its fair share of criticism for becoming this year’s COP president. Oil and Gas make up 92.5% of the country’s GDP per capita, and President Ilham Aliyev has stated his support for oil and gas producing nations to continue investing in the sector, clashing with last year’s COP28 outcome in which all nations called for accelerating the transition away from fossil fuels.

cop29_lookfeel_v2co29_blog_banner_02

COP29_Look&Feel_V2CO29_Blog_Banner_02

<h2>The key talking points and priorities in the run up to COP29</h2>
This year, priorities are focused on climate finance, with COP29 being coined the Finance COP, this is reiterated by the programme of scheduling with Finance, Investment and Trade taking priority spot on the first day of discussions.
Energy and Science are also high on the agenda, while Nature and Biodiversity and Oceans and Coastal Zones take more of a back seat, only being scheduled for the final day before negotiations; naturally, this comes as a disappointment as this signals these areas of discussion are considered lower priority when compared with energy and finance.
It is likely momentum and attendance will decrease by the end of week two and could undermine the urgency needed to address the implications of climate change on nature globally and reduce their integration into wider climate strategies.
The following key priorities are expected to lead discussions at COP29;
<h3>New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG)</h3>
Developing countries, particularly those most vulnerable to climate change, require substantial financial support to transition to green economies and adapt to climate impacts. COP29 aims to agree on a new commitment to provide annual climate finance to developing countries, replacing a goal of $100 billion per annum set in 2009 at COP15. The World Economic Forum states that ‘the NCQG must be ambitious yet realistic, balancing the financial capacities of developed countries with the urgent needs of developing nations’.
<h3>Growing the loss and damage fund</h3>
Established and operationalised at COP27 in Sharm El-Sheikh, the loss and damage fund acknowledges the disproportionate burden that climate change places on vulnerable nations. It is a financial mechanism that helps countries cope with the loss and damages they face due to climate change – this includes loss of life, damage to infrastructure and displacement.
At COP29, there is hope to see significant progress in the fund’s operationalisation and funding. Countries are expected to make substantial pledges to the fund to ensure it can meet the needs of developing countries. To date, major contributors include the UAE, Germany and the United States. Other big-emitting countries such as China and Saudi Arabia are yet to announce their intention to contribute to the fund.
<h3>Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)</h3>
At COP29, nations will be encouraged to commit to more ambitious and robust Nationally Determined Contributions; these are climate action commitments made by countries to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to climate change mitigation, aligning with the goal of limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
NDCs are submitted every 5 years to the UNFCCC, and with the next global stocktake approaching NDCs are to be put forward by February 2025, demonstrating increased ambition and concrete action plans. At COP29, there is likely to be a push to provide financial and technical support to developing countries to enable them to outline and implement NDCs of their own.
<h3>Article 6 of the Paris Agreement</h3>
Article 6 of the Paris Agreement aims to promote the use of carbon markets to achieve their climate targets. At COP29 we can expect discussions with regards to how a robust and well-regulated international carbon market can be developed and maintained. A key goal of COP29 is to finalise the rulebook for Article 6, which will provide clear guidelines for its implementation, and address concerns with regards to the quality of carbon credits, double counting and sustainable development.

cop29_lookfeel_v2co29_blog_banner_04-2

COP29_Look&Feel_V2CO29_Blog_Banner_04 (2)

<h2>Who is attending COP29</h2>
With just 2 months to go until COP29 kicks off, there has been minimal discussion with regards to which World Leaders we can expect at the event.
From the UK, Ed Miliband, the newly appointed Secretary of State for Energy and Net Zero, is confirmed to be leading UK negotiations for COP29. However, with the USA election taking place just 5 days before COP29 begins, it is unlikely that the President will be in attendance. As the event draws closer, we can expect more countries to confirm which delegates will attend.

cop29_lookfeel_v2co29_blog_banner_03

COP29_Look&Feel_V2CO29_Blog_Banner_03

<h2>What to expect during COP29</h2>
An anticipated 40,000 participants are heading to COP29, almost half the number of attendees than at <a href="https://x.ecologi.com/articles/blog/whats-happening-at-cop28" target="_blank" rel="noopener">COP28</a> in Dubai last year; this poses the question of if bigger is necessarily better, fewer attendees reduce the environmental impact of the conferences, with the UN Climate Chief Simon Stiell <a href="https://www.climatechangenews.com/2024/04/24/peak-cop-un-looks-to-shrink-baku-and-belem-climate-summits/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">saying he hopes to see fewer people attending COPs </a>as size does not necessarily translate to the quality of outcomes.
COP29 still presents a crucial opportunity to make significant strides in climate action, by focusing on climate finance and reaffirming climate goals, countries can collectively work together to provide the funding and tools necessary to shape the trajectory of global climate efforts.

<h2>Partner with us for COP29 and beyond</h2>
Over the next 12 months we want to support as many businesses as possible to tackle climate change.
If your business is interested in a partnership to help scale climate action or starting its climate journey during COP29 or beyond, get in touch.

What was agreed at COP26?

More posts

Meet our Impact Team

Case study: How the Focusrite Group is setting the sustainability standard in the audio technology industry

What happened at COP29

Follow us

Members

Resources

© 2025 Ecologi

Stay in touch with Ecologi